更新时间:2025-02-06

英语中有很多以“How”开头的疑问词,它们在不同的语境下有着各自独特的含义和用法。
本文将详细探讨“How long”、“How soon”、“How often”、“How far”、“How old”、“How much”和“How many”这七个疑问词的区别,并通过具体的例句帮助读者更好地理解和运用。
How long 有两个主要的意思:多久和多长。
- 指时间表示“多久,多长时间”
通常用于对“for + 一段时间”或“since + 时间点”进行提问。例如:
① I stayed there for two weeks last year. 我去年在那里呆了两个星期。
→ How long did you stay there last year? 你去年在那里呆了多久?
② I have been waiting here since 3 o'clock. 我自从三点钟就在这儿等了。
→ How long have you been waiting here? 你在这儿等多久了?
- 指长度表示“多长”
注意,这里指的是物体的长度,而不是距离。例如:
③ This river is more than 300 kilometers long. 这条河流有三百多公里长。
→ How long is this river? 这条河流有多长?
How soon 的意思是“多快”,通常用于对“in + 一段时间”进行提问。这里的“in”表示“在……以后”,句子通常使用一般将来时态。例如:
④ He will come back in two weeks. 他会在两个星期以后回来。

→ How soon will he come back? 他多快就能回来?
How often 的意思是“多久一次”,通常用于对表示频度的副词或短语如“always(总是)”、“every day(每天)”、“twice a week(一周两次)”等进行提问。例如:
⑤ He goes to the cinema every week. 他每个星期都要去看电影。
→ How often does he go to the cinema? 他多久看一次电影?
How far 的意思是“多远”,用于询问距离。也可以用“how far away”,但在回答距离时,不要在距离后加上“far”这个词。例如:
⑥ - How far is your school from your home? 你学校离你家有多远?
- It is two kilometers far. 有两千米远。(错误)
- It is two kilometers (away). 有两千米远。(正确)
How old 用于询问年龄,意思是“几岁,多大年龄”。例如:
⑦ - How old is your sister? 你妹妹几岁了?
- She is five (years old). 她五岁了。
注意区别:
⑧ How old is the man? 那个男的多大年龄?(疑问句)
⑨ How old the man is! 那个男的好老哦!(感叹句)
How much 的意思是“多少”,后面接不可数名词。如果不接名词,则表示“多少钱”。例如:

⑩ How much meat would you like to buy? 你想买多少肉?
11 How much is this sweater? 这件毛衣多少钱?
How many 的意思是“多少”,后面接可数名词复数形式。例如:
12 How many books did you borrow yesterday? 昨天你借了几本书?
特别注意:如果是对划线部分提问,划线部分即使是单数,提问时 how many 后面也要用复数形式。例如:
13 There is only one book on the desk. 课桌上只有一本书。
→ How many books are there on the desk? 课桌上有几本书?
通过上述分析,我们可以清晰地看到这些疑问词在不同语境下的具体用法。为了更好地巩固这些知识,下面是一些练习题,供读者自我检测:
1. - How _______ is it from your home to the park?
- It is about 5 kilometers.
2. - How _______ do you go to the gym?
- I go to the gym twice a week.
3. - How _______ have you been studying English?
- I have been studying English for 5 years.
4. - How _______ will the meeting start?
- The meeting will start in 10 minutes.
5. - How _______ is your brother?
- My brother is 25 years old.
6. - How _______ sugar do we need for the cake?
- We need 200 grams of sugar.

7. - How _______ apples did you buy?
- I bought 5 apples.
希望本文能帮助读者更好地理解和掌握这些常用的疑问词,从而在日常交流和写作中更加得心应手。